Section 3.7 — Health Requirements

(1) The height of every room and space shall be sufficient so that the ceiling or ceiling fixtures do not obstruct movement or activities below. (2) The unobstructed height in dwelling units and sleeping rooms in Group C occupancies shall conform to Subsection 9.5.3.

(1) The areas of rooms in dwelling units, dormitories, boarding houses and rooming houses shall conform to Part 9.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), a sleeping area in a Group B occupancy shall provide not less than 4.7 m2 per person in a room having (a) an area not less than 7 m2, (b) a horizontal dimension not less than 2 000 mm, and (c) a ceiling height not less than 2 300 mm. (2) Sleeping rooms for residents in long-term care homes shall have, exclusive of space provided for washrooms and for built-in or portable clothes closets, a floor space not less than (a) 10.22 m2 in a single-bed unit, (b) 16.72 m2 in a two-bed unit, (c) 25.08 m2 in a three-bed unit, and (d) 29.73 m2 in a four-bed unit. (3) A child care facility shall provide sleeping accommodation having not less than 0.93 m 2 of floor surface area for each child with not less than 2 300 mm ceiling height over the entire room area.

(1) Recreational camps shall have an area in the sleeping quarters of not less than 3.72 m 2 per camper or, if double or triple tier bunk units are used, 2.79 m2 per camper. (2) A camp for housing of workers shall have an area of not less than 3.72 m2 per employee in every room used for sleeping purposes.

(1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3) or otherwise permitted, every room used for sleeping in any building, and every principal room such as living room, dining room or combination of them in dwelling units shall be provided with windows having areas conforming to Part 9, except that Article 9.9.10.1. does not apply. (See Note A-3.7.2.1.(1)) (2) Long-term care homes shall have, (a) in an activity room, a sitting room or a lounge, one or more windows with a total unobstructed glass area, exclusive of skylights, of not less than 10% of the area of the room, and (b) in a residents’ sleeping room, one or more windows that (i) have a total unobstructed glass area, exclusive of skylights, of not less than 10% of the area of the room, (ii) open to the outdoors and have a total unobstructed glass area, exclusive of skylights, of not less than 5% of the area of the room, and (iii) are installed with the bottom edge of the glass of every window not more than 660 mm above the floor. (3) Play activity rooms in a child care facility and work areas in live/work units shall have one or more windows that conform to Clause (2)(a).

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (3), each building situated on property that abuts on a street in which a public or municipal water main is located shall be provided with or have accessible to its occupants a plumbing system including a potable water supply, a sanitary drainage system and plumbing fixtures. (2) When the installation of a sanitary drainage system is not possible because of the absence of a water supply, sanitary privies, chemical closets or other means for the disposal of human waste shall be provided. (3) Plumbing fixtures need not be provided in a building that is not normally occupied by persons where such installations are impractical and other fixtures are available in nearby buildings when the subject building is in use.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), for the purposes of this Subsection, the occupant load shall be determined in accordance with the provisions in Subsection 3.1.17. except that in a Group D occupancy, the area per person shall be 14 m2. (See Note A-3.7.4.2.(1)) (2) For the purpose of this Subsection, the occupant load for floor areas that are classified as an industrial occupancy is permitted to be based solely on the total number of staff for which the floor area is designed, where the floor area is only intermittently occupied or where the presence of occupants is transitory. (See Note A-3.7.4.2.(2)) (3) Except as permitted by this Subsection, water closets shall be provided for each sex assuming that the occupant load is equally divided between males and females, unless the proportion of each sex expected in the building can be determined with reasonable accuracy. (See Note A-3.7.4.2.(3)) (4) Except as provided in Sentence (5), urinals are permitted to be substituted for water closets required by this Subsection for males and may be counted as water closets provided the number of urinals is not more than (a) one-fifth of the required number of water closets in hospitals and long-term care homes, and (b) two-thirds of the required number of water closets in any other occupancy. (5) If only two water closets are required for males, one urinal is permitted to be substituted for one of the water closets. (6) Except as required in this Subsection, at least one lavatory shall be provided in a room containing one or two water closets or urinals, and at least one additional lavatory shall be provided for each additional two water closets or urinals. (See Note A-3.7.4.2.(6)) (7) Wash fountains in circular or straight trough form are permitted to be provided in lieu of required lavatories provided each 500 mm of circumference or trough length is considered to be the equivalent of one lavatory. (8) The water closet and lavatory provided in the universal washroom described in Sentence 3.8.3.12.(1) may be counted as part of the plumbing fixtures required for males and females in this Subsection if (a) more than one water closet is required for males, and (b) more than one water closet is required for females. (9) Where one water closet is required for males and one water closet is required for females, the following may be provided in lieu of the water closets otherwise required by this Subsection: (a) one universal washroom conforming to Sentence 3.8.3.12.(1), and (b) one washroom containing one water closet that is permitted to be used by both sexes provided the door to the room can be locked from the inside. (See Note A-3.7.4.2.(9)) (10) Both sexes are permitted to be served by a single water closet if the occupant load is not more than 10 persons in an assembly occupancy referred to in Article 3.7.4.3. except for (a) elementary and secondary schools, (b) child care facilities, (c) places of worship, and (d) undertaking premises. (11) Any shelf or projection above a lavatory shall be located so that it will not be a hazard. (12) Except for dwelling units, lavatories required by Sentence (6) shall be equipped with faucets that (a) operate automatically, or (b) have a manual control that (i) has a lever type handle or is otherwise operable with a closed fist, (ii) does not require the application of continuous force to maintain water flow, and (iii) where metered, provides at least 10 s of water flow.

(1) Except as provided by Sentences (2) to (16) and Sentence 3.7.4.2.(10), the number of water closets required for assembly occupancies shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-A. Table 3.7.4.3.-A Water Closets for Assembly Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.3.(1) Minimum Number of Water Closets for Minimum Number of Water Closets for Number of Persons of Each Sex Males Females 1 - 25 1 1 26 - 50 1 2 51 - 75 2 3 76 - 100 2 4 101 - 125 3 5 126 - 150 3 6 151 - 175 4 7 176 - 200 4 8 201 - 250 5 9 251 - 300 5 10 301 - 350 6 11 351 - 400 6 12 7 plus 1 for each additional increment 13 plus 1 for each additional increment Over 400 of 200 males in excess of 400 of 100 females in excess of 400 (2) Except for motion picture theatres, the number of water closets required for Group A, Division 1 occupancies shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-B. Table 3.7.4.3.-B Water Closets for Assembly Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.3.(2) Minimum Number of Water Closets for Minimum Number of Water Closets for Number of Persons of Each Sex Males Females 1 to 50 1 2 51 to 75 2 3 76 to 100 2 4 101 to 125 3 5 126 to 150 3 6 151 to 175 4 7 176 to 200 4 8 201 to 250 5 9 251 to 300 5 10 301 to 350 6 11 351 to 400 6 12 7 plus 1 for each additional increment of 13 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 400 200 males in excess of 400 100 females in excess of 400 (3) The number of water closets required shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-C for (a) motion picture theatres, (b) Group A, Division 3 occupancies, (c) Group A, Division 4 occupancies, and (d) outdoor pools. Table 3.7.4.3.-C Water Closets for Assembly Occupancies Forming Part of Sentences 3.7.4.3.(3) and 3.11.9.1.(4) Number of Persons of Each Sex Minimum Number of Water Closets for Each Sex 1 to 50 1 51 to 150 2 151 to 250 3 251 to 375 4 376 to 500 5 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 500 150 persons of each sex in excess of 500 (4) Except as provided in Sentences (6) and (7), the number of water closets required for dining rooms, restaurants and cafeteria shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-D. Table 3.7.4.3.-D Water Closets for Assembly Occupancies Forming Part of Sentences 3.7.4.3.(4) and (7) Number of Persons of Each Sex Minimum Number of Water Closets for Each Sex 1 to 20 1 21 to 70 2 71 to 105 3 106 to 135 4 136 to 165 5 166 to 195 6 196 to 225 7 226 to 275 8 276 to 325 9 326 to 375 10 376 to 425 11 12 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 425 50 persons of each sex in excess of 425 (5) The number of water closets required for establishments used primarily for the consumption of alcoholic beverages that provide limited or no food service shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-E. Table 3.7.4.3.-E Water Closets for Assembly Occupancies Forming Part of Sentences 3.7.4.3.(5) and 3.14.1.8.(1) Number of Persons of Each Sex Minimum Number of Water Closets for Each Sex 1 to 50 2 51 to 70 3 71 to 90 4 91 to 110 5 111 to 140 6 141 to 180 7 181 to 220 8 221 to 260 9 10 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 260 40 persons of each sex in excess of 260 (6) In every dining room, restaurant, cafeteria and alcoholic beverage establishment having more than 40 seats, separate sanitary facilities shall be provided for employees, in addition to facilities provided for patrons, and the number of water closets and lavatories required shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-F. Table 3.7.4.3.-F Plumbing Fixtures for Assembly Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.3.(6) Minimum Number of Water Closets and Minimum Number of Water Closets and Number of Employees of Each Sex Lavatories for Males Lavatories for Females 1 to 9 1 1 10 to 24 2 2 25 to 49 3 3 50 to 74 4 4 75 to 100 5 5 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 100 30 male employees in excess of 100 30 female employees in excess of 100 (7) Except as provided in Sentence (8), in every dining room, restaurant, cafeteria and alcoholic beverage establishment having not more than 40 seats, employees are permitted to share the sanitary facilities provided for patrons, and the minimum number of water closets shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-D based on (a) a male occupant load of 50% of the number of seats plus the number of male employees, and (b) a female occupant load of 50% of the number of seats plus the number of female employees. (8) Where a separate employee washroom is provided, the same room may be used by both female and male employees provided that (a) the total number of employees is not more than 5, and (b) the door to the room can be locked from the inside. (9) The number of employees in Sentences (6) to (8) shall be the maximum number of employees who are normally present on the premises at one time and shall include only those who are present for more than 25 per cent of the working day. (10) For a parking lot that is part of a restaurant where patrons are intended to eat in vehicles parked on the lot, the number of water closets required shall conform to, (a) Table 3.7.4.3.-G where food service by employees is not provided on the parking lot, or (b) Table 3.7.4.3.-H where employees serve food on the parking lot. (11) The number of water closets required for drive-in theatres shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-H. (12) The number of water closets required for dance halls and recreational establishments shall be at least one fixture for each 100 males and one fixture for each 75 females. (13) In a child care facility the maximum number of children per water closet and lavatory shall conform to Table 3.7.4.3.-I. (14) The number of water closets required for elementary and secondary schools shall be at least one fixture for each 30 males and one fixture for each 26 females. (15) The number of water closets required for non-residential college buildings shall be at least one fixture for each 100 males and one fixture for each 75 females. (16) The number of water closets required for places of worship and undertaking premises shall be at least one fixture for each 150 persons of each sex. Table 3.7.4.3.-G Water Closets for Assembly Occupancies Forming part of Sentence 3.7.4.3.(10) Minimum Number of Water Closets Number of Parking Spaces for Each Sex 1 to 20 1 21 to 70 2 71 to 105 3 106 to 135 4 136 to 165 5 166 to 195 6 196 to 225 7 226 to 275 8 276 to 325 9 326 to 375 10 376 to 425 11 12 plus 1 for each additional increment of 50 over 425 parking spaces in excess of 425 Table 3.7.4.3.-H Water Closets for Assembly Occupancies Forming part of Sentences 3.7.4.3.(10) and (11) Minimum Number of Water Closets Number of Parking Spaces for Each Sex 1 to 40 1 41 to 140 2 141 to 210 3 211 to 270 4 271 to 330 5 331 to 390 6 391 to 450 7 451 to 550 8 551 to 650 9 651 to 750 10 751 to 850 11 12 plus 1 for each additional increment of 100 over 850 parking spaces in excess of 850 Table 3.7.4.3.-I Plumbing Fixtures for a Child Care Facility Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.3.(13) Maximum Number of Children per Age of Children Water Closet and Lavatory under 2 10 without regard to number of each sex 2 to 5 10 without regard to number of each sex 6 to 9 15 for males; 15 for females over 9 30 for males; 26 for females

Occupancies (1) The number of water closets and lavatories required for Group B, Division 1 occupancies shall be determined on the basis of the special needs of these occupancies. (2) In a Group B, Division 2 or 3 occupancy, washrooms shall be provided so that each washroom (a) serves not more than four patients or residents, (b) is accessible from patients’ or residents’ sleeping rooms, (c) contains one water closet, and (d) contains one lavatory. (3) The number of water closets required for employees in Group B, Division 2 or 3 occupancies shall conform to Table 3.7.4.4. Table 3.7.4.4. Water Closets in Group B, Division 2 or 3 Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.4.(3) Number of Persons Minimum Number of Water Closets of Each Sex for Each Sex up to 9 1 10 to 24 2 25 to 49 3 50 to 74 4 75 to 100 5 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 100 30 persons of each sex in excess of 100

(1) A dwelling unit where a piped water supply is available shall be provided with a (a) kitchen sink, (b) lavatory, (c) water closet or drainless composting water closet, and (d) bathtub or shower stall.

(1) Except for dwelling units and as provided in Sentence (2), the number of water closets required for residential occupancies shall conform to Table 3.7.4.6. Table 3.7.4.6. Water Closets For Residential Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.6.(1) Number of Persons Minimum Number of Water Closets of Each Sex for Each Sex Up to 9 1 10 to 24 2 25 to 49 3 50 to 74 4 75 to 100 5 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of 30 over 100 persons of each sex in excess of 100 (2) At least one water closet or privy shall be provided for every (a) 10 campers of each sex in a recreational camp, and (b) 10 employees of each sex in a camp for housing of workers. (3) In recreational camps and camps for housing of workers, no fewer than two lavatories or provision for a pail or other portable container of sound construction shall be provided for each of the water closets or privies required in Sentence (2). (4) A camp for housing of workers shall include (a) at least one shower or other area of bathing, and (b) provisions for at least one washing machine or laundry tub for every 15 beds.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the number of water closets required for business and personal services occupancies shall conform to Table 3.7.4.7. (2) Not more than one water closet to serve both sexes need be provided in a Group D occupancy having an occupant load of not more than 10 persons. Table 3.7.4.7. Water Closets for Business and Personal Services Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.7.(1) Number of Persons Minimum Number of Water Closets of Each Sex for Each Sex up to 9 1 10 to 24 2 25 to 49 3 50 to 74 4 75 to 100 5 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 100 30 persons of each sex in excess of 100

(1) Except as provided in this Article, the number of water closets required for employees in mercantile occupancies shall conform to Table 3.7.4.8. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (4), the number of water closets required for the public in mercantile occupancies shall be at least one fixture for each 300 males and one fixture for each 150 females, except that (a) water closets provided for employees are permitted to be counted as part of those required for the public when these water closets are made accessible to the public, and (b) where the total area of the mercantile occupancy, excluding basements, is not more than 600 m2, not more than one water closet for each sex need be provided. Table 3.7.4.8. Water Closets for Mercantile Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.8.(1) Number of Persons Minimum Number of Water Closets of Each Sex for Each Sex up to 9 1 10 to 24 2 25 to 49 3 50 to 74 4 75 to 100 5 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 100 30 persons of each sex in excess of 100 (3) Not more than one water closet to serve both sexes need be provided in a Group E occupancy where (a) the occupant load is not more than nine persons, or (b) where the total area of the occupancy, excluding basements, is not more than 300 m2. (4) For a restaurant classified as mercantile occupancy, the number of water closets and lavatories required shall conform to Article 3.7.4.3.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the number of water closets and lavatories required for industrial occupancies shall conform to Table 3.7.4.9. (2) Not more than one water closet to serve both sexes need be provided in a Group F occupancy where, (a) the occupant load is not more than 10 persons, or (b) the total area of the occupancy, excluding basements, is not more than 300 m2. Table 3.7.4.9. Plumbing Fixtures for Industrial Occupancies Forming Part of Sentence 3.7.4.9.(1) Number of Persons Minimum Number of Water Closets and of Each Sex Lavatories for Each Sex up to 9 1 10 to 24 2 25 to 49 3 50 to 74 4 75 to 100 5 6 plus 1 for each additional increment of over 100 30 persons of each sex in excess of 100

(1) Glazing used for a shower or bathtub enclosure shall conform to Class A of CAN/CGSB 12.1, “Safety Glazing.”

(1) Wall and floor surfaces below the uppermost surfaces of urinals shall be protected from deterioration by impervious and durable material for a distance from the urinal to a point not less than 900 mm from the projected outline of the urinal on to the wall or floor. (2) Floor surfaces around a water closet shall be protected from deterioration by impervious and durable material for a distance not less than 900 mm from the projected outline of the water closet on to the floor.

(1) A floor drain shall be installed in a washroom for public use that contains a urinal or a water closet equipped with an automatic flushing device. (See Note A-3.7.4.12.(1))

(1) Grab bars that are installed shall resist a minimum load of 1.3 kN applied vertically or horizontally.

(1) Except in a dwelling unit and except as required by Section 3.8., a minimum clearance of 380 mm shall be provided in front of a water closet. (See Note A-3.7.4.14.(1))

(1) If a room contains not more than 1 water closet, the doorway to the room shall be provided with a full height door that is capable of being locked from the inside. (2) Except in a room for private use, water closets, urinals, showers and bathtubs shall not be visible from the entrance to the room where it contains at least (a) two water closets, (b) one water closet and one urinal, (c) one shower stall, or (d) one bathtub.

(1) A water distribution system supplying hot water to plumbing fixtures shall conform to the requirements in Subsection 7.2.10.

(1) On every floor where work will be performed and within 100 m of any area where work will be performed, potable water shall be provided from (a) a fountain with an upward jet, (b) a tap from a piped water supply, or (c) a tap from a covered vessel.

(1) Every pharmacy shall be provided with a sink with hot and cold potable water for washing utensils used in the preparation, service or storage of drugs.

(1) If mobile homes do not have individual plumbing facilities connected to a central water supply and drainage system, a service building shall be provided for public use. (2) The service building required by Sentence (1) shall contain (a) at least one water closet for each sex if the service building facilities serve not more than 10 mobile homes, and (b) an additional water closet for each sex for each additional 10 mobile homes. (3) If a service building is required by Sentence (1) it shall contain lavatories as required by Sentence 3.7.4.2.(5) and at least (a) one laundry tray or similar facility, and (b) one bathtub or shower for each sex.

(1) In anaesthetizing locations, electrical systems shall be designed, constructed, installed and tested in conformance with CSA Z32, “Electrical Safety and Essential Electrical Systems in Health Care Facilities.”

(1) All medical gas piping systems shall be designed, constructed, installed and tested in conformance with (a) CSA Z7396.1, “Medical gas piping systems - Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases, medical vacuum, medical support gases, and anaesthetic gas scavenging systems,” and (b) the provisions of the Fire Code made under the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997 or, in the absence of such provisions, Part 3 of Division B of the CCBFC NRCC-CONST-56437E, “National Fire Code of Canada.”

(1) Every installation of an x-ray machine or of x-ray equipment in a building shall be shielded to protect any person who could be exposed to radiation inside and outside the building. (See Note A-3.7.5.3.(1))

(1) The requirements of this Subsection apply to all food premises.

(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), floors and floor coverings shall be tight, smooth and non-absorbent in rooms where (a) food or drink for human consumption, or an ingredient of food or drink for human consumption, is manufactured, processed, prepared, stored, displayed, handled, served, distributed, sold or offered for sale, (b) utensils are washed, or (c) washing fixtures or toilet fixtures are located. (2) Carpeting may be used in areas where food is served. (3) Wall and ceiling finishes of rooms and passageways shall be easy to clean.

(1) A room containing a water closet shall be located where (a) it does not open directly into any room or area where food or drink for human consumption, or an ingredient of food or drink for human consumption, is intended to be stored, prepared, processed, distributed, served, sold or offered for sale, and (b) it is not necessary for the public to go through the food preparation areas to gain access to the plumbing fixtures. (2) Except as permitted in Sentence (3), a room containing plumbing fixtures for the public and employees in a restaurant shall be located in the restaurant. (3) A room containing plumbing fixtures for the public in Sentence (2) need not be located in the restaurant if (a) the room is located in the building containing the restaurant, and (b) the distance of travel between the restaurant and the room is not more than 45 m.

(1) A separate lavatory for the handwashing of employees shall be constructed in a location convenient for employees in each manufacturing, processing and preparation area. (2) If equipment and facilities for the cleaning and sanitizing of utensils are provided, they shall consist of (a) mechanical equipment, or (b) drainage racks of corrosion-resistant materials and (i) a three-compartment sink or three sinks, or (ii) a two-compartment sink or two sinks, where the first compartment or sink can be used effectively for washing and rinsing and the second compartment or sink can be used effectively for sanitizing. (3) A retail food premises is exempt from compliance with this Article if its eating and drinking area does not exceed 56 m2 and any one or more of the following applies: (a) it is designed to sell only cold drinks in or from the original container, (b) it is designed to sell only frozen confections in the original package or wrapper, (c) it is designed to prepare and sell only hot beverages, (d) it is designed to prepare and sell only popped corn, roasted nuts or french-fried potatoes, (e) it is designed to sell only food or drink for human consumption that (i) is pre-packaged at a premises other than the food premises at which it is being offered for sale, and (ii) is not capable of supporting the growth of pathogenic organisms or the production of the toxins of such organisms.

(1) A hot and cold water supply shall be provided to (a) every plumbing appliance and fixture required by Article 3.7.6.4., (b) every area where food or drink for human consumption, or an ingredient of food or drink for human consumption, is manufactured, processed or prepared, and (c) every area where utensils are washed. (2) This Article does not apply to a retail food premises described in Sentence 3.7.6.4.(3).

(1) In a food premises, where dressing rooms are provided for employees, there shall be separate dressing rooms for males and females that (a) are large enough for the employees to change and store their clothing, and (b) are equipped with lockers or other facilities suitable for storing the clothing of the employees. (2) Every room containing sanitary units for employees shall have a floor area not less than 2.3 m 2.

(1) A room or space intended to be used as sleeping quarters shall not open directly into any room where food or drink for human consumption, or an ingredient of food or drink for human consumption, is manufactured, processed, prepared, stored, displayed, handled, served, distributed, sold or offered for sale.