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OBC DIVISION B · PART 3 · SECTION 3.8 — BARRIER-FREE DESIGN

What is the maximum ramp slope for barrier-free ramps in Ontario?

Barrier-free ramps are limited to a maximum running slope of 1:12 (8.3 per cent), with level landings at the top, bottom, changes of direction and at regular intervals along longer runs, handrails on both sides and edge protection to keep wheels on the ramp.

Code reference
Ramps on a barrier-free path of travel must have a gradient not steeper than 1 in 12, a minimum clear width between handrails, level landings sized for wheelchair manoeuvring at the top and bottom, at changes of direction and at prescribed intervals along the run, handrails on both sides, and protection at open edges such as curbs or guards.
OBC Division B, Article 3.8.3.4.

Paraphrased for clarity — open this provision in the BUILDAiD Library for the exact wording.

What this means in practice

The geometry adds up fast: a 750 mm rise at 1:12 needs 9 m of run before landings, so confirm early whether a ramp fits or whether regrading, a lift or an elevator is the better answer. Flatter slopes such as 1:15 or 1:20 are far more comfortable for users and are often required by AODA-influenced facility standards. Common review comments involve missing intermediate landings, handrail extensions at the ends, cross-slope over 2 per cent, and slippery surface finishes.

Plain language

An accessible ramp can rise at most 1 unit for every 12 units of length, which is a gentle grade a wheelchair user can manage. Long ramps need flat rest landings, railings on both sides, and edges that stop wheels slipping off.

Related questions

When does a building need to be barrier-free (accessible) in Ontario?Which buildings are exempt from barrier-free design requirements in Ontario?How wide must a barrier-free path of travel be in Ontario?

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This page is provided for general information. Building code requirements depend on your specific project, occupancy and municipality, and code editions change. Always verify requirements against the current Ontario Building Code and confirm with your local building department.