PART 9 — HOUSING AND SMALL BUILDINGSUpdated for the 2024 Ontario Building Code
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9.10.14.4.Openings in Exposing Building Face
(1) Except as provided in Sentences (6) to (10) and Sentence 9.10.14.6.(1), the maximum aggregate area of unprotected
openings in an exposing building face shall
(a) conform to Table 9.10.14.4.,
(b) conform to Subsection 3.2.3., or
(c) where the limiting distance is not less than 1.2 m, be equal to or less than
(i) the limiting distance squared, for residential occupancies, business and personal services occupancies and
low-hazard industrial occupancies, and
(ii) half the limiting distance squared, for mercantile occupancies and medium-hazard industrial occupancies.
Table 9.10.14.4.
Maximum Aggregate Area of Unprotected Openings in Exterior Walls
Forming Part of Sentence 9.10.14.4.(1)
Maximum Maximum Aggregate Area of Unprotected Openings, % of Exposing Building Face Area
Occupancy Total Area of Limiting Distance, m
Classification of Exposing Less
Building Building than 1.2 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 25
Face, m² 1.2
10 0 8 12 21 33 55 96 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
15 0 8 10 17 25 37 67 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
20 0 8 10 15 21 30 53 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Residential, business 25 0 8 9 13 19 26 45 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
and personal services,
30 0 7 9 12 17 23 39 88 100 100 100 100 100 100
and low-hazard
industrial 40 0 7 8 11 15 20 32 69 100 100 100 100 100 100
50 0 7 8 10 14 18 28 57 100 100 100 100 100 100
100 0 7 8 9 11 13 18 34 56 84 100 100 100 100
Over 100 0 7 7 8 9 10 12 19 28 40 55 92 100 100
10 0 4 6 10 17 25 48 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
15 0 4 5 8 13 18 34 82 100 100 100 100 100 100
20 0 4 5 7 11 15 27 63 100 100 100 100 100 100
Mercantile and 25 0 4 5 7 9 13 22 51 94 100 100 100 100 100
medium-hazard 30 0 4 4 6 9 12 20 44 80 100 100 100 100 100
industrial 40 0 4 4 6 8 10 16 34 61 97 100 100 100 100
50 0 4 4 5 7 9 14 29 50 79 100 100 100 100
100 0 4 4 4 5 6 9 17 28 42 60 100 100 100
Over 100 0 4 4 4 4 5 6 10 14 20 27 46 70 100
(2) Except as provided in Sentence 9.10.14.6.(1), openings in a wall having a limiting distance of less than 1.2 m shall
be protected by closures, of other than wired glass or glass block, whose fire protection rating is in conformance with the
fire-resistance rating required for the wall.
(3) Reserved.
(4) Reserved.
(5) Reserved.
(6) The maximum aggregate area of unprotected openings is permitted to be up to twice the area determined according
to Sentence (1), where the unprotected openings are glazed with
(a) wired glass in steel frames as described in Article 9.10.13.5., or
(b) glass blocks, as described in Article 9.10.13.7.
(7) Where the building is sprinklered, the maximum aggregate area of unprotected openings is permitted to be up to
twice the area determined according to Sentence (1), provided all rooms, including closets and bathrooms, that are
adjacent to the exposing building face and that have unprotected openings are sprinklered, notwithstanding any
exemptions in the sprinkler standards referenced in Article 3.2.5.12.
(8) The maximum aggregate area of unprotected openings in an exposing building face of a storage garage need not
comply with Sentence (1), where
(a) all storeys are constructed as open-air storeys, and
(b) the storage garage has a limiting distance of not less than 3 m.
(9) The maximum aggregate area of unprotected openings in an exposing building face of a storey that faces a street and
is the same level as the street need not comply with Sentence (1) where the limiting distance is not less than 9 m.
(10) Except as provided in Sentence (11), for garages or accessory buildings that serve a single dwelling unit only and are
detached from any building, the maximum aggregate area of glazed openings shall comply with the requirements for
unprotected openings.
(11) The limits on the area of glazed openings need not apply to the exposing building face of a detached garage or
accessory building facing a dwelling unit, where
(a) the detached garage or accessory building serves only one dwelling unit,
(b) the detached garage or accessory building is located on the same property as that dwelling unit, and
(c) the dwelling unit served by the detached garage or accessory building is the only major occupancy on the property.
This provision includes a table — formatting is preserved from the source; refer to the official code for the authoritative layout.
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Code text is reproduced for reference from the Ontario Building Code (O. Reg. 163/24, 2024 Building Code Compendium). This page is provided for general information and is not an official copy. Always verify requirements against the official Ontario Building Code and confirm with your local building department.